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What Are the Right Choices in College Admissions?

在大学招生中，什么是正确的选择？

Applying to college can be a tedious and stressful process for students and their parents. In addition to finishing their last year of high school, teens may also be juggling the SAT or ACT, college tours if available and applications for numerous schools.

对于学生和他们的父母来说，申请大学可能是一个充满乏味和压力的过程。除了完成高中的最后一年之外，青少年还可能需要兼顾SAT 或 ACT，如果有大学旅游以及众多学校的申请。

The Common Application, which is accepted by more than 900 schools, including some colleges located outside the U.S., helps streamline an essential part of the admissions process for students.

通用申请系统已被900 多所学校（包括一些位于美国境外的大学）接受，有助于简化学生录取过程的重要组成部分。

Through the platform, first-time and transfer applicants alike can apply to multiple colleges at once. So students only have to fill out details that most schools require, including name, address and extracurricular activities, one time.

通过该平台，首次申请和转学申请者可以同时申请多所大学。因此，学生只需填写大多数学校要求的详细信息，包括姓名、地址和课外活动，一次即可。

"The idea behind the Common App is to try and reduce the barriers that students face when applying to college," says Jenny Rickard, president and CEO of The Common Application.

“通用申请系统背后的想法是尝试减少学生在申请大学时面临的障碍，”总裁兼首席执行官 JennyRickard 说。

Despite its popularity, the Common App may be confusing for some families who are new to the college application process. The guide below can help ease students and parents through the application.

尽管很受欢迎，但通用申请系统可能会让一些不熟悉大学申请流程的家庭感到困惑。下面的指南可以帮助学生和家长轻松完成申请。

When Can I Start Working on My College Application Through the Common App?

大学生分享常见的申请技巧、策略。

The new edition of the Common App opens Aug. 1 every year. Given the variance in college application deadlines, students should pay close attention to when they need to submit their materials.

新版通用申请系统于每年 8 月 1 日开放。鉴于大学申请截止日期的差异，学生应密切注意何时需要提交材料。

For example, students who are applying early action or early decision may need to submit an application in November or December, whereas the regular decision deadline is more likely to be Jan. 1 for many schools. Prospective students should treat these ranges as a general rule of thumb and check with individual colleges on deadlines.

例如，申请提前行动或提前决定的学生可能需要在11 月或 12 月提交申请，而许多学校的常规决定截止日期更有可能是 1 月 1 日。未来的学生应将这些范围视为一般经验法则，并在截止日期前与各个学院核对。

Updates to the Common App for this year include removing questions on student discipline in high school as well as military discharge status; adding more citizenship status options for international and undocumented students and removing certain questions related to geography and family, or making those optional; adding a question about students' preferred first names; and expanding options for gender identity expression.

今年通用申请系统的更新包括删除有关高中学生纪律以及退伍状况的问题；为国际学生和无证学生添加更多公民身份选项，并删除与地理和家庭相关的某些问题，或将这些问题设为可选；添加一个关于学生首选名字的问题；并扩大性别认同表达的选择。

Students don't have to wait until Aug. 1 to get started on the Common App. They can create an account at any time and transfer their information into the new app when it opens.

学生不必等到 8 月 1 日才能开始使用 Common App。他们可以随时创建一个帐户，并在新应用程序打开时将他们的信息传输到该应用程序中。

How to Complete the Common Application

Here are steps for how students can work on an application through the platform.

如何完成通用申请系统

以下是学生如何通过平台申请的步骤。

Go to commonapp.org and click on the "Start your application" button to get details about how to create an account and log in. Additionally, students can download the Common App's mobile app to keep track of deadlines, invite recommenders and set reminders.

转到commonapp.org并单击“开始您的申请”按钮以获取有关如何创建帐户和登录的详细信息。此外，学生可以下载通用申请系统的移动应用程序以跟踪截止日期、邀请推荐人并设置提醒。

Choose the first-year student or transfer student option.

选择一年级学生或转学生选项。

Add user information such as name, email, phone number, address, date of birth and prospective enrollment year.

添加用户信息，例如姓名、电子邮件、电话号码、地址、出生日期和预期注册年份。

Fill out the user profile with requested details on education, extracurriculars, demographic data, household information and more.

使用有关教育、课外活动、人口统计数据、家庭信息等的要求详细信息填写用户个人资料。

Add collaborators such as teachers, counselors and others providing letters of recommendation or other supporting documents.

添加合作者，例如教师、辅导员和其他提供推荐信或其他支持文件的人。

Search for and add schools to "My Colleges."

搜索学校并将其添加到“我的学院”。

Get familiar with each college's application requirements and follow those accordingly when applying.

熟悉每所大学的申请要求，并在申请时相应地遵循这些要求。

The summer before senior year of high school is a great time for students to start on their applications, experts say.

专家说，高中四年级前的夏天是学生开始申请的好时机。

"If you aren't going to be out of town or out of the country with no access to the internet, please start your application Aug. 1," says Marissa Warren, a school counselor at Yorktown High School in New York.

纽约约克镇高中的学校辅导员玛丽莎·沃伦(Marissa Warren) 说：“如果你不打算出城或出境无法访问互联网，请从8月1日开始申请。”

Students don't have to submit their applications during the summer. But starting in August gives them the opportunity to review the requirements for schools they're considering, draft essays and get some of the tedious background information completed before they get bogged down with homework and activities, Warren says.

学生不必在夏季提交申请。但是，从8月开始，他们有机会审查他们正在考虑的学校的要求，起草论文并在他们陷入家庭作业和活动之前完成一些乏味的背景信息，沃伦说。

Starting early also allows students to get the help they need at the beginning of the school year, she adds.

她补充说，尽早开始还可以让学生在学年开始时获得所需的帮助。

How Long Does It Take to Fill Out an Application?

填写申请需要多长时间？

The time it takes to fill out an application varies based on a school's requirements, experts say. However, students need to give themselves at least six weeks to get everything they need for college applications, says Christine Chu, a premier college admissions counselor with IvyWise, an education consulting company based in New York. That's two weeks to fill out any background information and about a month for other required documents.

专家说，填写申请所需的时间因学校的要求而异。然而，纽约教育咨询公司 IvyWise 的首席大学招生顾问Christine Chu 说，学生需要至少给自己六周的时间来获得大学申请所需的一切。填写任何背景信息需要两周时间，其他所需文件需要大约一个月时间。

[ READ: Avoid These Big College Application Mistakes. ]

避免这些大的大学申请错误。

In addition to any optional parental information needed – such as employer details and educational background – many schools require first-year applicants to submit recommendation letters and transcripts. Students need to give teachers and counselors enough time to submit those materials to the Common App before deadlines.

除了所需的任何可选的父母信息（例如雇主详细信息和教育背景）之外，许多学校还要求一年级申请者提交推荐信和成绩单。学生需要给教师和辅导员足够的时间在截止日期之前将这些材料提交到通用申请系统。

High school counselors encourage students to ask their teachers for recommendation letters before the end of their junior year so that educators can work on them during the summer. Seniors who need recommendation letters should ask for them early in the school year, experts say.

高中辅导员鼓励学生在三年级结束前向他们的老师索要推荐信，以便教育工作者在暑假期间可以为他们工作。专家说，需要推荐信的高年级学生应该在学年早期要求他们。

What Are the Common App Essay Prompts, and Where Can I Find Them?

什么是常见的 App Essay 提示，我在哪里可以找到它们？

The Common App first-year essay prompts for the 2021-2022 school year will be mostly the same as the seven prompts used for 2020-2021. One question about problem-solving, however, will be dropped and replaced with a question on kindness and gratitude.

2021-2022 学年的通用申请系统第一年论文提示将与2020-2021 学年使用的七个提示大致相同。然而，一个关于解决问题的问题将被删除，取而代之的是一个关于善意和感激的问题。

An optional nonessay question added in 2020 on how the coronavirus pandemic affected students will remain on the Common App this year. Answers to this question are limited to 250 words. Roughly 20% of all applicants in the 2020-2021 admissions cycle provided a response to the COVID-19 question, per figures provided by a Common App official.

2020 年添加的一个关于疫情如何影响学生的可选题，今年将保留在通用申请系统上。此问题的答案限制在 250 字以内。根据通用申请系统官员提供的数据，在2020-2021 年招生周期中，大约有 20% 的申请人回答了疫情问题。

Applicants have a maximum of 650 words for essays. The topics vary. A few require students to reflect on their experiences and share examples of learning or personal growth. Students also have the option to share an essay on any topic of their choice or simply describe a topic that captivates them.

申请人有最多650个字的文章。话题各不相同。一些要求学生反思他们的经历并分享学习或个人成长的例子。学生还可以选择分享一篇关于他们选择的任何主题的文章，或者简单地描述一个吸引他们的主题。

Applicants can see the essay prompts on the Common App's website.

申请人可以在通用申请系统的网站上查看论文提示。

With seven options, it doesn't matter which prompt is chosen as long as it allows an applicant to provide insight into his or her identity in ways that aren't reflected in other parts of the application, experts say.

专家说，有七个选项，选择哪个提示并不重要，只要它允许申请人以申请的其他部分没有反映的方式提供对他或她的身份的洞察。

"You never want to echo what's in any of those other pieces," says Bonnie Casson-Deweese, director of college match for KIPP Houston Public Schools. She encourages students to look beyond academics to think about what makes them special. For example, being a high school valedictorian when applying to Harvard University isn't notable because just about everybody who applies is at the top of their class, she says.

“你永远不能想着复制别人的内容，”KIPP休斯顿公立学校大学比赛主管邦妮·卡森-德威斯说。她鼓励学生超越学术界，思考是什么让他们与众不同。例如，她说，申请哈佛大学时成为一名高中毕业生并不引人注目，因为几乎每个申请的人都是班上的佼佼者。

Not all schools require students to submit an essay. Some institutions may require students to submit a supplemental essay or additional information. Applicants can see the requirements for all schools on the Common App when they log in to their student accounts or download a PDF from the Common App's website.

并非所有学校都要求学生提交论文。一些机构可能会要求学生提交补充论文或其他信息。申请者可以在登录学生账户或从通用申请系统网站下载 PDF 时，在通用申请系统上查看所有学校的要求。

Applicants can also preview supplemental questions for schools before they start their applications through the platform's Student Solutions Center.

申请人还可以在开始申请之前通过平台的学生解决方案中心预览学校的补充问题。